To the best of my knowledge the NEC allows derating the load on a welder
circuit based on the duty cycle of a welder. In other words, because your
welder is only capable of drawing 50 amps for something like 4 minutes (or
less) out of 10, the wiring to a _dedicated_ welder outlet can be lighter
than the 6 gauge required to support a constant 50 amp load. This may or may
not be allowed by your local regulations. The only ways to know are to ask
an electrician in your area, or a local electrical inspector. If you ask an
inspector, either keep the discussion very hypothetical, or be prepared to
take out a permit on the work.
Harry Phinney
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