The engine/transmission ground strap will affect cranking, but nothing else.
Problems with the battery ground strap, battery link cable (twin 6v
batteries), and the main cable to the solenoid can cause solenoid chatter and
also flickering ignition warning light or other lights as it does so.
Problems in the solenoid contacts or motor brushes/comm can affect cranking
but shouldn't cause solenoid chattering. However one of the know failure
modes of a V8 starter, because of its proximity to one of the exhaust
downpipes, is solenoid chattering when the solenoid winding itself starts to
fail from heat. This is much less likely with a 4-cylinder. Bad connections
in the starter relay or solenoid circuits can also cause the relay or solenoid
to 'drop out' with the normal voltage reduction that occurs when cranking.
Fuel pump humming *could* be due to low voltage, i.e. a bad connection at the
battery or solenoid, but some versions of the SU pump were prone to 'buzzing'
in any event and were subsequently modified, so that could be nothing to do
with the cranking problem. The best thing is to connect a voltmeter between
the brown at the fusebox and a good ground on the body, and monitor the
voltage during cranking. With a good battery and connections it shouldn't go
below about 10v. However if the solenoid starts chattering when you are doing
this then an analogue meter will only show the average voltage between the
starter powered and not powered, which isn't much use! A digital meter may
not 'settle'. So an alternative is to get under the car and bridge the
battery cable and the solenoid operate terminal. If that causes the same
problem there is either bad connections or a bad solenoid. If it doesn't,
then bridge the brown and white/brown at the starter relay. If that's OK then
bridge the white/red and brown at the starter relay. And so on back through
the ignition switch until you find somewhere that causes the chattering.
PaulH.
----- Original Message -----
... What other grounds are there that could be
causing this issue?
.
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