Start with a large cage containing five monkeys. Inside the cage, hang a
banana on a string and place a set of stairs under it. Before long, a
monkey
will go to the stairs and start to climb towards the banana. As soon as
he
touches the stairs, spray all of the other monkeys with cold water. After
a
while, another monkey makes an attempt with the same result, all the
other
monkeys are sprayed with cold water. Pretty soon, when another monkey
tries
to climb the stairs, the other monkeys will try to prevent it.
Now, put away the cold water. Remove one monkey from the cage and
replace
it with a new one. The new monkey sees the banana and wants to climb the
stairs. To his surprise and horror, all of the other monkeys attack him.
After another attempt and attack, he knows that if he tries to climb the
stairs, he will be assaulted.
Next, remove another of the original five monkeys and replace him with a
new
one. The newcomer goes to the stairs and is attacked. The previous
newcomer
takes part in the punishment with enthusiasm!
Likewise, replace a third original monkey with a new one, then a fourth,
then the fifth. Every time the newest monkey takes to the stairs, he is
attacked. Most of the monkeys that are beating him have no idea why they
were not permitted to climb the stairs or why they are participating in
the
beating of the newest monkey.
After replacing all the original monkeys, none of the remaining monkeys
have ever been sprayed with cold water. Nevertheless, no monkey ever
again
approaches the stairs to try for the banana. Why not? Because as far as
they
know that's the way it's always been done around here.
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